Scanlation

Scanlation (also scanslation) is the scanning, translation and editing of comics from a foreign language (like manga, manhwa, or manhua) into a different language (usually English). Scanlation is done as an amateur work and is nearly always done without express permission from the copyright holder. The word scanlation is a portmanteau of scan and translation.

Scanning needs to be done since the text is usually not embedded in digital form for visual printed media (or even digital versions).